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second isomorphism theorem (Theorem)

Let $(G,*)$ be a group. Let $H$ be a subgroup of $G$ and let $K$ be a normal subgroup of $G$ . Then

  • $HK := \{ h*k \mid h \in H,\ k \in K \}$ is a subgroup of $G$ ,
  • $K$ is a normal subgroup of $HK$ ,
  • $H \cap K$ is a normal subgroup of $H$ ,
  • There is a natural group isomorphism $H/(H \cap K) = HK/K$ .

The same statement also holds in the category of modules over a fixed ring (where normality is neither needed nor relevant), and indeed can be formulated so as to hold in any abelian category.




"second isomorphism theorem" is owned by djao.
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Attachments:
proof of second isomorphism theorem for groups (Proof) by yark
proof of second isomorphism theorem for rings (Proof) by smw
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Cross-references: abelian category, normality, ring, fixed, modules, category, group isomorphism, normal subgroup, subgroup, group
There are 7 references to this entry.

This is version 5 of second isomorphism theorem, born on 2002-01-05, modified 2007-07-04.
Object id is 1334, canonical name is SecondIsomorphismTheorem.
Accessed 10763 times total.

Classification:
AMS MSC20A05 (Group theory and generalizations :: Foundations :: Axiomatics and elementary properties)
 13C99 (Commutative rings and algebras :: Theory of modules and ideals :: Miscellaneous)

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