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[parent] proof of Hadwiger-Finsler inequality (Proof)

From the cosines law we get: $$a^2=b^2+c^2-2bc\cos\alpha,$$ $\alpha$ being the angle between $b$ and $c$ . This can be transformed into: $$a^2=(b-c)^2+2bc(1-\cos\alpha).$$ Since $A=\frac{1}{2}bc\sin\alpha$ we have: $$a^2=(b-c)^2+4A\frac{1-\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha}.$$ Now remember that $$1-\cos\alpha=2\sin^2\frac{\alpha}{2}$$ and $$\sin\alpha=2\sin\frac{\alpha}{2}\cos\frac{\alpha}{2}.$$ Using this we get: $$a^2=(b-c)^2+4A\tan\frac{\alpha}{2}.$$ Doing this for all sides of the triangle and adding up we get: $$a^2+b^2+c^2=(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2+4A\left(\tan\frac{\alpha}{2} +\tan\frac{\beta}{2}+\tan\frac{\gamma}{2}\right).$$ $\beta$ and $\gamma$ being the other angles of the triangle. Now since the halves of the triangle's angles are less than $\frac{\pi}{2}$ the function $\tan$ is convex we have: $$\tan\frac{\alpha}{2}+\tan\frac{\beta}{2}+\tan\frac{\gamma}{2} \geq 3\tan\frac{\alpha+\beta+\gamma}{6} =3\tan\frac{\pi}{6}=\sqrt{3}.$$ Using this we get: $$a^2+b^2+c^2\geq (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2+4A\sqrt{3}.$$ This is the Hadwiger-Finsler inequality. $ \Box$




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Cross-references: Hadwiger-Finsler inequality, convex, function, triangle, sides, angle, cosines law

This is version 2 of proof of Hadwiger-Finsler inequality, born on 2002-06-06, modified 2002-06-06.
Object id is 3062, canonical name is ProofOfHadwigerFinslerInequality.
Accessed 2664 times total.

Classification:
AMS MSC51M16 (Geometry :: Real and complex geometry :: Inequalities and extremum problems)

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