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Dirichlet kernel (Definition)

The Dirichlet kernel $D_n$ of order $n$ is defined as $$D_n(t)=\sum_{k=-n}^ne^{ikt}.$$ It can be represented as $$D_n(t)=\frac{\sin\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)t}{\sin\frac{t}{2}}.$$ Proof: It is

$\displaystyle \sum_{k=-n}^ne^{ikt}$ $\displaystyle = e^{-int}\frac{1-e^{i(2n+1)t}}{1-e^{it}}$    
  $\displaystyle =\frac{e^{i\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)t}-e^{-i\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)t}} {e^{i\frac{t}{2}}-e^{-i\frac{t}{2}}}$    
  $\displaystyle =\frac{\sin\left(n+\frac{1}{2}\right)t}{\sin\frac{t}{2}}.\qquad\qquad\Box$    

The Dirichlet kernel arises in the analysis of periodic functions because for any function $f$ of period $2\pi$ , the convolution of $D_N$ and $f$ results in the Fourier-series approximation of order $n$ : $$(D_N*f)(x)=\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\pi}^\pi f(y)D_n(x-y)dy=\sum_{k=-n}^n\hat{f}(k)e^{ikx}.$$




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Cross-references: approximation, convolution, period, function, periodic functions, analysis, proof, order
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This is version 7 of Dirichlet kernel, born on 2004-02-26, modified 2007-07-07.
Object id is 5629, canonical name is DirchletKernel.
Accessed 7590 times total.

Classification:
AMS MSC26A30 (Real functions :: Functions of one variable :: Singular functions, Cantor functions, functions with other special properties)

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