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Let $M$ be a manifold and $I=[0,1]$ the closed unit interval. A smooth map $h\colon M\times I\rightarrow M$ is called a diffeotopy (on $M$ if for every $t\in I$ $$h_t:=h(-,t)\colon M\rightarrow M$$ is a diffeomorphism.
Two diffeomorphisms $f,g\colon M\to M$ are said to be diffeotopic if there is a diffeotopy $h\colon M\times I\to M$ such that
- $h_0=f$ and
- $h_1=g$
Remark. Diffeotopy is an equivalence relation among diffeomorphisms. In particular, those diffeomorphisms that are diffeotopic to the identity map form a group.
Two points $a,b\in M$ are said to be isotopic if there is a diffeotopy $h$ on $M$ such that
- $h_0=id_M$ the identity map on $M$ and
- $h_1(a)=b$
Remark. If $M$ is a connected manifold, then every pair of points on $M$ are isotopic.
Pairs of isotopic points in a manifold can be generazlied to pairs of isotopic sets. Two arbitrary sets $A,B\subseteq M$ are said to be isotopic if there is a diffeotopy $h$ on $M$ such that
- $h_0=id_M$ and
- $h_1(A)=B$
Remark. One special example of isotopic sets is the isotopy of curves. In $\mathbb{R}^3$ curves that are isotopic to the unit circle are the trivial knots.
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