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examples of totally real fields
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(Example)
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Here we present examples of totally real fields, totally imaginary fields and CM-fields.
Examples:
- Let $K=\Rats(\sqrt{d})$ with $d$ a square-free positive integer. Then $$\Sigma_K=\{ \operatorname{Id}_K, \sigma\}$$ where $\operatorname{Id}_K\colon K \hookrightarrow \Complex $ is the identity map ($\operatorname{Id}_K(k)=k$ for all $k\in K$ , whereas $$\sigma\colon K \hookrightarrow \Complex,\quad \sigma(a+b\sqrt{d})=a-b\sqrt{d}$$ Since $\sqrt{d}\in \Reals$ it follows that
$K$ is a totally real field.
- Similarly, let $K=\Rats(\sqrt{d})$ with $d$ a square-free negative integer. Then $$\Sigma_K=\{ \operatorname{Id}_K, \sigma\}$$ where $\operatorname{Id}_K\colon K \hookrightarrow \Complex $ is the identity map ($\operatorname{Id}_K(k)=k$ for all $k\in K$ , whereas $$\sigma\colon K \hookrightarrow \Complex,\quad \sigma(a+b\sqrt{d})=a-b\sqrt{d}$$ Since $\sqrt{d}\in \Complex$ and it is not in $\Reals$ it follows that $K$ is a totally imaginary field.
- Let $\zeta_n, n\geq 3$ be a primitive $n^{th}$ root of unity and let $L=\Rats(\zeta_n)$ a cyclotomic extension. Note that the only roots of unity that are real are $\pm 1$ If $\psi\colon L \hookrightarrow \Complex $ is an embedding, then $\psi(\zeta_n)$ must be a conjugate of $\zeta_n$ i.e. one of $$\{ \zeta_n^a \mid a \in (\Ints/n\Ints)^{\times}\}$$ but those are all imaginary. Thus $\psi(L)\nsubseteq \Reals$ Hence $L$ is a totally imaginary field.
- In fact, $L$ as in $(3)$ is a CM-field. Indeed, the maximal real subfield of $L$ is $$F=\Rats(\zeta_n + \zeta_n^{-1})$$ Notice that the minimal polynomial of $\zeta_n$ over $F$ is $$X^2-(\zeta_n+\zeta_n^{-1})X+1$$ so we obtain $L$ from $F$ by adjoining the square root of the discriminant of this polynomial which is $$\zeta_n^2+\zeta_n^{-2}-2= 2\cos(\frac{4\pi}{n})-2 < 0$$ and any other conjugate is $$\zeta_n^{2a}+\zeta_n^{-2a}-2=2\cos(\frac{4a\pi}{n})-2 < 0, a\in (\Ints/n\Ints)^{\times}$$ Hence, $L$ is a CM-field.
- Notice that any quadratic imaginary number field is obviously a CM-field.
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"examples of totally real fields" is owned by alozano.
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Cross-references: quadratic imaginary number field, polynomial, discriminant, square root, minimal polynomial, maximal real subfield, imaginary, conjugate, embedding, real, cyclotomic extension, root of unity, primitive, negative, totally real field, identity map, integer, positive, square-free, CM-fields, totally imaginary fields
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This is version 3 of examples of totally real fields, born on 2003-08-29, modified 2003-08-29.
Object id is 4675, canonical name is TotallyImaginaryExamplesOfTotallyReal.
Accessed 6964 times total.
Classification:
| AMS MSC: | 12D99 (Field theory and polynomials :: Real and complex fields :: Miscellaneous) |
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Pending Errata and Addenda
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