Galois-theoretic derivation of the cubic formula


We are trying to find the roots r1,r2,r3 of the polynomialPlanetmathPlanetmath x3+a⁢x2+b⁢x+c=0. From the equation

(x-r1)⁢(x-r2)⁢(x-r3)=x3+a⁢x2+b⁢x+c

we see that

a = -(r1+r2+r3)
b = r1⁢r2+r1⁢r3+r2⁢r3
c = -r1⁢r2⁢r3

The goal is to explicitly construct a radical tower over the field k=ℂ⁢(a,b,c) that contains the three roots r1,r2,r3.

Let L=ℂ⁢(r1,r2,r3). By Galois theoryMathworldPlanetmath we know that Gal⁡(L/ℂ⁢(a,b,c))=S3. Let K⊂L be the fixed field of A3⊂S3. We have a tower of field extensions