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alternating factorial (Definition)

The alternating factorial $ af(n)$ of a positive integer $ n$ is the sum

$\displaystyle af(n) = \sum_{i = 1}^n (-1)^{n - i}i!,$
which can also be expressed with the recurrence relation $ af(n) = n! - af(n - 1)$ with starting condition $ af(1) = 1$. The notation n¡! (alternating an inverted exclamation mark with a regular exclamation mark) has been proposed by analogy to that of the double factorial, but has not gained much support, in part because of TeX's lack of support for Spanish characters.

The first few alternating factorials, listed in A005165 of Sloane's OEIS, are 1, 5, 19, 101, 619, 4421.

In 1999, Miodrag Zivković proved that $ \gcd(n, af(n)) = 1$ and that the set of alternating factorials that are prime numbers is finite. $ af(661)$ is the largest such known prime.



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Cross-references: finite, prime numbers, OEIS, characters, support, double factorial, regular, alternating, recurrence relation, sum, integer, positive
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This is version 4 of alternating factorial, born on 2006-10-17, modified 2008-06-18.
Object id is 8463, canonical name is AlternatingFactorial.
Accessed 792 times total.

Classification:
AMS MSC05A10 (Combinatorics :: Enumerative combinatorics :: Factorials, binomial coefficients, combinatorial functions)

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