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[parent] conjugate fields (Definition)

If $ \vartheta_1,\,\vartheta_2,\,\ldots,\,\vartheta_n$ are the algebraic conjugates of the algebraic number $ \vartheta_1$, then the algebraic number fields $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_1),\,\mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_2),\,\ldots,\,\mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_n)$ are the conjugate fields of $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_1)$.

Notice that the conjugate fields of $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_1)$ are always isomorphic but not necessarily distinct.

All conjugate fields are equal, i.e. $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_1)= \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_2)=\ldots=\mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_n)$, or equivalently $ \vartheta_1,\ldots,\vartheta_n$ belong to $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_1)$, if and only if the extension $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_1)/\mathbb{Q}$ is a Galois extension of fields. The reason for this is that if $ \vartheta_1$ is an algebraic number and $ m(x)$ is the minimal polynomial of $ \vartheta_1$ then the roots of $ m(x)$ are precisely the algebraic conjugates of $ \vartheta_1$.

For example, let $ \vartheta_1 = \sqrt{2}$. Then its only conjugate is $ \vartheta_2=-\sqrt{2}$ and $ \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{2})$ is Galois and contains both $ \vartheta_1$ and $ \vartheta_2$. Similarly, let $ p$ be a prime and let $ \vartheta_1=\zeta$ be a primitive $ p$th root of unity. Then the algebraic conjugates of $ \zeta$ are $ \zeta^2,\ldots,\zeta^{p-1}$ and so all conjugate fields are equal to $ \mathbb{Q}(\zeta)$ and the extension $ \mathbb{Q}(\zeta)/\mathbb{Q}$ is Galois. It is a cyclotomic extension of $ \mathbb{Q}$.

Now let $ \vartheta_1=\sqrt[3]{2}$ and let $ \zeta$ be a primitive $ 3$rd root of unity (i.e. $ \zeta$ is a root of $ x^2+x+1$, so we can pick $ \zeta=\frac{-1+\sqrt{-3}}{2}$). Then the conjugates of $ \vartheta_1$ are $ \vartheta_1$, $ \vartheta_2=\zeta\sqrt[3]{2}$, and $ \vartheta_3=\zeta^2\sqrt[3]{2}$. The three conjugate fields $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_1)$, $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_2)$, and $ \mathbb{Q}(\vartheta_3)$ are distinct in this case. The Galois closure of each of these fields is $ \mathbb{Q}(\zeta,\sqrt[3]{2})$.



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Cross-references: Galois closure, root of unity, primitive, cyclotomic extension, prime, contains, roots, minimal polynomial, fields, Galois extension, extension, isomorphic, algebraic number fields, algebraic number, algebraic conjugates
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This is version 7 of conjugate fields, born on 2007-05-30, modified 2008-02-21.
Object id is 9487, canonical name is ConjugateFields.
Accessed 443 times total.

Classification:
AMS MSC11R04 (Number theory :: Algebraic number theory: global fields :: Algebraic numbers; rings of algebraic integers)
 12F05 (Field theory and polynomials :: Field extensions :: Algebraic extensions)

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