The modern Greek alphabet contains 24 letters. Ancient Greeks only used the capital letters; the lower case letters were not invented until the time of Alexander the Great. The Greek letters digamma and qoppa were incorporated into the Roman alphabet as F and Q, respectively, but are not part of the modern Greek alphabet.

Following is a chart of letters in the modern Greek alphabet in alphabetical order:

lower case	capital	name	comments
		alpha
		beta	bita in modern Greek
		gamma
		delta
or		epsilon
		zeta	zita in modern Greek
		eta	ita in modern Greek
or		theta	thita in modern Greek
		iota
or		kappa
		lambda
		mu	mi in modern Greek
		nu	ni in modern Greek
		xi
		omicron	means o-small in modern Greek
or		pi
or		rho
or		sigma	is used only at the end of Greek words
		tau
		upsilon	ipsilon in modern Greek
or		phi
		chi
		psi
		omega	means o-big in modern Greek