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conjugation (mnemonic) (Definition)

In pre-college mathematics, students typically learn how to rationalize the denominator (or, in some cases, numerator) of expressions such as $ \displaystyle \frac{3}{\sqrt{11}+2}$ and $ \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{x+h}-\sqrt{x-h}}{2h}$. In order to do this, they multiply the numerator and denominator of the fraction by an algebraic conjugate (or, in some cases, its negative) to eliminate the square root(s) in the appropriate part of the fraction. Typically, the only algebraic conjugates that pre-college students encounter are those in some quadratic extension.

Most students who have advanced far enough in mathematics to encounter rationalizing denominators or numerators have also encountered some (usually Indo-European) foreign language. Such students are familiar with the concept of conjugation of verbs, in which the ending of the verb changes to make agreement with the person and number of the subject. A helpful mnemonic for students to calculate the algebraic conjugates that they need to use is pointing out to them that the procedure in mathematics is similar (and actually easier) than in foreign languages. The algebraic conjugates (or their negatives) that they need are nothing more than changing the ending of the number. For example, the way that a pre-college student is taught to rationalize the denominator of an expression such as $ \displaystyle \frac{3}{\sqrt{11}+2}$ is:

\begin{displaymath}\begin{array}{rl} \displaystyle \frac{3}{\sqrt{11}+2} & \disp... ...} \ & \ & \displaystyle =\frac{3\sqrt{11}-6}{7} \end{array}\end{displaymath}



"conjugation (mnemonic)" is owned by Wkbj79.
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See Also: algebraic conjugates, division, difference of squares

Also defines:  rationalize the denominator, rationalize the numerator
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Cross-references: mnemonic, number, quadratic extension, negative, algebraic conjugate, fraction, denominator, expressions, numerator
There are 2 references to this entry.

This is version 3 of conjugation (mnemonic), born on 2006-06-16, modified 2007-05-30.
Object id is 8052, canonical name is ConjugationMnemonic.
Accessed 3583 times total.

Classification:
AMS MSC11R04 (Number theory :: Algebraic number theory: global fields :: Algebraic numbers; rings of algebraic integers)
 97D40 (Mathematics education :: Education and instruction in mathematics :: Teaching methods and classroom techniques. Lesson preparation. Educational principles)

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hopefully not offensive by Wkbj79 on 2006-06-16 07:53:20
In the object "congugation (mnemonic)", I make reference to students learning foreign languages in which they must conjugate verbs. I know that this procedure is not referred to as conjugation in all foreign languages. To play it safe, I qualified that statement using "Indo-European". I don't want to offend somebody by not including a language that they know from being considered simply from the fact that I don't know very much about the language. For example, I know that we have someone active from Finland, and that Finnish is not an Indo-European language. Also, if someone speaks a language in which the changing of verbs is not referred to as conjugation, then this mnemonic is obviously not helpful; however, I feel that it is a helpful mnemonic for those who encounter Indo-European languages.
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