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Following are terms from foreign languages that appear in mathematical literature. Each chart (TeX object tabular) contains terms from the foreign language indicated. The foreign languages are ordered according to how many terms appear in its corresponding chart. In each chart, the terms are listed in alphabetical order.

Latin

abbr.	term	literal translation	mathematical usage
	a fortiori	with stronger reason	used in logic to denote an argument to the effect that because one ascertained fact exists; therefore another which is included in it or analogous to it and is less improbable, unusual, or surprising must also exist
	a priori	from the former	already known/assumed
	ad absurdum	to absurdity	an assumption is made in hopes of obtaining a contradiction [reductio ad absurdum is also used]
	ad infinitum	to infinity	endlessly, infinitely
	casus irreducibilis	not-reducible case	roots real but not expressible via real radicals
cf.	confer	compare	used to suggest that another work might also be consulted in relation to that argument
et al.	et alii	and others	used in multi-author references but it is customary to include all the authors in the first citation and/or in the bibliography
e.g.	exempli gratia	for example's sake	for example
ibid.	ibidem	in the same place	relates to the immediately prior source
i.e.	id est	that is	that is
inf	inferior, infimum	lowest	limit inferior; greatest lower bound
	inter alia	among other things	among other things
loc. cit.	loco citato	in the place already mentioned	relates to sources before the immediately prior citation [probably less frequent than op. cit.]
lb	logarithmus binaris	binary logarithm	log. in base 2
lg	logarithmus generalis	general logarithm	log. in base 10
ln	logarithmus naturalis	natural logarithm	log. in base
	mutatis mutandis	once changing thing to be changed	repeat the similar argument for the related case
N.B.	nota bene	note well	the following is important
op. cit.	opere citato	in the work already mentioned	relates to sources before the immediately prior citation [probably more frequent than loc. cit.]
QED	quod erat demonstrandum	which was to be demonstrated	end of proof
QEF	quod erat faciendum	which was to be done	end of construction
	regula falsi	rule of false position	Newton's method
	sine qua non	without which it could not be	an essential condition or element; an indispensable thing
sup	superior, supremum	uppermost	limit superior; least upper bound
viz	videlicet	that is to say, namely	a keynote abbreviation

German

abbr.	term	literal translation	mathematical usage
	Ansatz	approach, attempt	assumed form for an expression
	eigen	characteristic, typical	eigenvalue; eigenvector
	Grösse, Größe	size, magnitude	Grössencharacter
	im kleinen	in the small	connected im kleinen
	Nullstellensatz	zero point theorem	zero point theorem
	Stufe	stair, level	stufe of a field
	Urelement	primeval element	set element which is not a set
,	Vierergruppe	four-group	Klein 4-group
	Zahlen	numbers	integers
	Zentrum	center	center (of a group)

French

Russian

abbr.	term	literal translation	mathematical usage
	italic “д” [may be pronounced “doh”]	letter “d”	e.g. in [see partial derivative]