homology of ℝℙ3.
We need for this problem knowledge of the homology groups of S2 and ℝℙ2. We will simply assume the former:
Hk(S2;ℤ) | ={ℤk=0,20else |
Now, for ℝℙ2, we can argue without Mayer-Vietoris. X=ℝℙ2 is connected, so H0(X;ℤ)=ℤ. X is non-orientable, so H2(X;ℤ) is 0. Last, H1(X;ℤ) is the abelianization of the already abelian
fundamental group
π1(X)=ℤ/2ℤ, so we have:
Hk(ℝℙ2;ℤ) | ={ℤk=0ℤ/2ℤk=10k≥2 |
Now that we have the homology of ℝℙ2, we can compute the
homology of ℝℙ3 from Mayer-Vietoris. Let X=ℝℙ3,
V=ℝℙ3\{pt}∼ℝℙ2 (by vieweing ℝℙ3 as a CW-complex), U∼D3∼{pt}, and U∩V∼S2, where ∼ denotes equivalence through a deformation retract
. Then the Mayer-Vietoris sequence gives