Carol Karp née Carol Ruth Vander Velde (1926 - 1972) American mathematician of Dutch ancestry. Best known for her work on infinitary logic, she also played viola in an all-women orchestra.

Born in Michigan to a farming supply store manager and a housewife, Carol and her siblings graduated from high school in Ohio. After that, she graduated from Manchester College and went back to Michigan to study at Michigan State University (then called Michigan State College). In 1951 she married Arthur Karp and took his last name. Carol Karp earned a Ph.D. in California while teaching in New Mexico. At the University of Maryland she helped enlarge the mathematical logic department in professors and graduate students, and obtained a National Science Foundation grant for undergraduate research. In 1969 she was diagnosed with breast cancer but remained active until her death three years later.