net
Let be a set. A net is a map from a directed set to . In other words, it is a pair where is a directed set and is a map from to . If then is normally written , and then the net is written , or simply if the direct set is understood.
Now suppose is a topological space, is a directed set, and is a net. Let . Then is said to converge to if whenever is an open neighbourhood of , there is some such that whenever .
Similarly, is said to be an accumulation point (or cluster point) of if whenever is an open neighbourhood of and there is such that and .
Nets are sometimes called Moore–Smith sequences, in which case convergence of nets may be called Moore–Smith convergence.
If is another directed set, and is an increasing map such that is cofinal in , then the pair is said to be a subnet of . Alternatively, a subnet of a net is sometimes defined to be a net such that for each there exists a such that for all .
Nets are a generalisation of sequences (http://planetmath.org/Sequence), and in many respects they work better in arbitrary topological spaces than sequences do. For example:
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If is Hausdorff then any net in converges to at most one point.
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If is a subspace of then if and only if there is a net in converging to .
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if is another topological space and is a map, then is continuous at if and only if whenever is a net converging to , is a net converging to .
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is compact if and only if every net has a convergent subnet.
Title | net |
Canonical name | Net |
Date of creation | 2013-03-22 12:54:03 |
Last modified on | 2013-03-22 12:54:03 |
Owner | yark (2760) |
Last modified by | yark (2760) |
Numerical id | 12 |
Author | yark (2760) |
Entry type | Definition |
Classification | msc 54A20 |
Synonym | Moore-Smith sequence |
Related topic | Filter |
Related topic | NetsAndClosuresOfSubspaces |
Related topic | ContinuityAndConvergentNets |
Related topic | CompactnessAndConvergentSubnets |
Related topic | AccumulationPointsAndConvergentSubnets |
Related topic | TestingForContinuityViaNets |
Defines | subnet |
Defines | Moore-Smith convergence |
Defines | cluster point |