Schrödinger operator

Let $V:{ℝ}^n\to ℝ$ be a real-valued function. The Schroedinger operator H on the Hilbert space $L^2({ℝ}^n)$ is given by the action

$$\psi \mapsto -{\nabla }^2\psi +V(x)\psi ,\psi \in L^2({ℝ}^n).$$

This can be obviously re-written as:

$$\psi \mapsto [-{\nabla }^2+V(x)]\psi ,\psi \in L^2({ℝ}^n),$$

where $[-{\nabla }^2+V(x)]$ is the Schrödinger operator, which is now called the Hamiltonian operator (http://planetmath.org/HamiltonianOperatorOfAQuantumSystem), H.

For stationary quantum systems such as electrons in ‘stable’ atoms the Schrödinger equation takes the very simple form :

$$\text{𝐇}\psi =E\psi$$

, where $E$ stands for energy eigenvalues of the stationary quantum states. Thus, in quantum mechanics of systems with finite degrees of freedom that are ‘stationary’, the Schrödinger operator is used to calculate the (time-independent) energy states of a quantum system with potential energy $V(x)$. Schrödinger called this operator the ‘Hamilton’ operator (http://planetmath.org/HamiltonianOperatorOfAQuantumSystem), or the Hamiltonian (http://planetmath.org/HamiltonianOperatorOfAQuantumSystem), and the latter name is currently used in almost all of quantum physics publications, etc. The eigenvalues give the energy levels, and the wavefunctions are given by the eigenfunctions. In the more general, non-stationary, or ‘dynamic’ case, the Schrödinger equation takes the general form:

$$\text{𝐇}\psi =(-i)\partial \psi /\partial t$$

.

Title	Schrödinger operator
Canonical name	SchrodingerOperator
Date of creation	2013-03-22 14:02:08
Last modified on	2013-03-22 14:02:08
Owner	mhale (572)
Last modified by	mhale (572)
Numerical id	30
Author	mhale (572)
Entry type	Definition
Classification	msc 81Q10
Synonym	Hamiltonian operator
Related topic	HamiltonianOperatorOfAQuantumSystem
Related topic	SchrodingersWaveEquation
Related topic	CanonicalQuantization
Related topic	QuantumOperatorAlgebrasInQuantumFieldTheories
Related topic	QuantumSpaceTimes
Related topic	SchrodingerOperator
Defines	quantum system dynamics and eigenvalues